The Large Hadron Collider (BAC) is preparing to receive significant performance improvements. Unfortunately for fans of this incredible particle accelerator, the duration of the work on the reconstruction of the LHC will be at least two years, during which the accelerator will not be used for scientific experiments. However, after this forced break in work, the expanded capabilities of the LHC will allow studying the physics of microparticles at a new level.
The essence of the LHC is to accelerate the particles and collide them with each other in special chambers. Collisions are observed with the help of cameras and detectors in the smallest detail. This allows us to discover new particles and new reactions between particles, as well as observe the decay of particles.
This new forced break in the work of the collider is called Long Shutdown 2 (LS2). The first stop of the LHC called LS1 took place between 2013 and 2015. During this period, work was done to increase the power and expand the capabilities of the collider detectors. Then the level of the accelerating voltage in collisions of the proton-proton type was almost doubled to 13 teraelectronvolts, and the collisions between the lead ions began to be held at the level of 5.02 teraelectronvolts. In the course of measures planned as part of the LS2 reconstruction, an accelerating voltage level is expected to increase from 13 to 14 tera-electronvolts (the higher the particle collision energy, the more difficult it is to increase it further), as well as the increase in luminosity in experiments performed at the LHC. The luminosity is the second most important parameter of the collider after the accelerating voltage, since it determines the frequency of collisions of particles, and therefore the amount of scientific data obtained. Thus, during 2017, the LHC produced approximately three million Higgs bosons, while after the planned increase in luminosity, it is expected to receive at least 15 million Higgs bosons annually. This will allow a deeper study of the properties of this still poorly studied particle, discovered in 2012 with the help of the LHC.
Large Hadron Collider halted for two years for reconstruction
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