Therapeutic use of electromagnetism has ancient roots, and was first introduced into the US by Hahnemann just prior to 1800. At first, only direct current (DC) devices were utilized in the medical doctors office for relieving pain, and for calming hysteria. In 1865, however, Maxwells equations established electromagnetism as the second universal force, which became a central player in quantum chemistry. More recently it has been described by Stephan Hawking as controlling all chemical reactions, including life itself.